Kaymakli Underground City is one of the most fascinating and well-preserved subterranean complexes in Cappadocia, Turkey. Carved into the soft volcanic rock, this ancient underground city offers a glimpse into the unique history and architectural ingenuity of the region’s past inhabitants.
This travel guide will help you make the most of your visit to the underground city of Kaymakli:
GETTING THERE
Kaymakli Underground City is conveniently located in the town of Kaymakli, making it easily accessible from various accommodation options in Cappadocia. Whether you’re staying in Göreme, Ürgüp, or another nearby town, a short drive or organized tour will lead you to this incredible historical treasure.
ENTRANCE FEE
As of August 2023, the general admission fee for Kaymakli Underground City is 300 TL (~11.15 USD).
HOURS AND BEST TIMES TO VISIT
The site welcomes visitors daily, and the opening hours are from 8:00am to 5:00pm. The box office closes at 4:15pm. We recommend arriving early to immerse yourself fully in the experience and avoid crowds.
Kaymakli Underground City can be visited year-round. As it is an indoor experience, it is suitable for visiting any time of the year — in the summer the caves stay cool, and in the winter they are insulated from the cold.
However, as you will likely want to visit some of the other attractions in the area, consider visiting during the spring (April to June) or autumn (September to November) when the weather is milder and more comfortable for extra exploring.
HISTORY OF THE KAYMAKLI UNDERGROUND CITY
The city holds immense historical significance as one of the most extensive and well-preserved underground cities in Cappadocia. It dates back to the Hittite period (approximately 2000 BCE) and was expanded and used by various civilizations over the centuries, including early Christians who sought refuge here during times of persecution.
The underground city is believed to have once accommodated around 3,500 people, including families, livestock, and storage areas for food and water.
Impressively, the nearby underground city of Derinkuyu was once home to 20,000 people, and stretches 280 feet below the Earth’s surface. The two cities were once connected via miles of tunnels.
You can also visit Derinkuyu, but Kaymakli is considered by many to be a better choice as it is less crowded and one of the most well-preserved underground cities in Cappadocia.
EXPLORING THE CITY
It is highly recommended to explore Kaymakli with a guided tour.
This one offers pickup within Cappadocia, and includes visits to Kaymakli, Goreme Open Air Museum, Uçhisar Castle, Devrent Valley, and Paşabağı Valley.
Local guides provide valuable insights into the history, architecture, and lifestyle of the ancient inhabitants.
WHAT TO EXPECT
As you step into the cool underground labyrinth, you’ll discover a network of interconnected tunnels, chambers, and passages carved into the soft volcanic rock. Kaymakli Underground City is one of several subterranean settlements in Cappadocia.
The city consists of eight levels, of which four are open to the public, offering a glimpse into the daily lives of its ancient inhabitants. Visitors can explore several chambers, tunnels, storage areas, kitchens, churches, and ventilation shafts.
There are clearly marked arrows along the passages that point you the correct direction through the maze of rooms and tunnels.
TIPS AND THINGS TO KEEP IN MIND
- Photography is generally allowed inside the underground city, but some areas might have restrictions due to preservation efforts. Respect any signs or instructions provided by the guides.
- Choose sturdy and slip-resistant footwear suitable for walking on uneven and sometimes damp surfaces.
- Bring a light jacket or sweater, as the underground city can be cooler than the surface, especially during hot summer months.
- Some passages in the underground city can be narrow and low, requiring visitors to bend or crouch. Exercise caution and follow the guidance of your guide.
- If you are claustrophobic, this might not be the activity for you. The passages tend to get more narrow and cramped as you go further down.
- Familiarize yourself with the emergency exits and meeting points in case of any unforeseen situations.
NEARBY ATTRACTIONS
While visiting Kaymakli, take the opportunity to explore other attractions in Cappadocia, such as the fairy chimneys, hot air balloon rides, Göreme Open-Air Museum, and the scenic valley lookouts.
Visiting Kaymakli Underground City is an immersive journey through time, offering a unique perspective on the ancient past and the resourcefulness of the early Christian communities in Cappadocia. The marvels of ancient engineering and human endurance will unfold beneath your feet.
As you explore the hidden depths of this underground city, you’ll gain a deeper appreciation for the historical significance and cultural heritage of the region. We were blown away by the ingenuity and tenacity of the past inhabitants of this city. We hope you enjoy Kaymakli as much as we did!
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